Bibliometric analysis of treating COVID-19 with combined traditional Chinese and western medicine based on citespace

Objective: This study focused on the systematic literature measurement and visual analysis of treating COVID-19 with combined Chinese and Western medicine to explore the development status, research hot spots and trends, and cutting-edge dynamics. It provides data, information support, and development references for treating COVID-19with combined Chinese and Western medicine. Methods: Three major databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang Data, and China Science and Technology Journal Database were used as data sources to retrieve the relevant literature on the combined Chinese and Western medicine for the treatment of COVID-19 from March2019 to March 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using bibliometric methods and CiteSpace software. Visual analysis was performed on publishing trends, research institution cooperation, author cooperation, keyword co-occurrence and clustering, and research hotspots. Results: A total of 476 articles were included in this study, with the largest number published in 2020. Statistical analysis of published units showed that the cooperative relationship between institutions was discrete, indicating that the research on treating novel coronavirus with combined Chinese and western medicine was extensive. Hot spots in the research were mainly reflected in four aspects:coronavirus, diagnosis and treatment plan, combined Chinese and Western medicine, and epidemic prevention and control. Conclusion: The research theme of treating COVID-19 with combined Chinese and Western medicine dynamically changes with the epidemic development, which is guided by clinical efficacy. It mainly focuses on the formulation of diagnosis and treatment plans. The cooperation between authors and institutions is insufficient, and communication needs to be further strengthened.

Single-cell analysis reveals cell communication triggered by macrophages associated with the reduction and exhaustion of CD8+ T cells in COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) has become an ongoing pandemic. Understanding the respiratory immune microenvironment which is composed of multiple cell types, together with cell communication based on ligand-receptor interactions is important for developing vaccines, probing COVID-19 pathogenesis, and improving pandemic control measures. METHODS: A total of 102 consecutive hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in this study. Clinical information, routine laboratory tests, and flow cytometry analysis data with different conditions were collected and assessed for predictive value in COVID-19 patients. Next, we analyzed public single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, which offers the closest available view of immune cell heterogeneity as encountered in patients with varying severity of COVID-19. A weighting algorithm was used to calculate ligand-receptor interactions, revealing the communication potentially associated with outcomes across cell types. Finally, serum cytokines including IL6, IL1ß, IL10, CXCL10, TNFα, GALECTIN-1, and IGF1 derived from patients were measured. RESULTS: Of the 102 COVID-19 patients, 42 cases (41.2%) were categorized as severe. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that AST, D-dimer, BUN, and WBC were considered as independent risk factors for the severity of COVID-19. T cell numbers including total T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the severe disease group were significantly lower than those in the moderate disease group. The risk model containing the above mentioned inflammatory damage parameters, and the counts of T cells, with AUROCs ranged from 0.78 to 0.87. To investigate the molecular mechanism at the cellular level, we analyzed the published scRNA-seq data and found that macrophages displayed specific functional diversity after SARS-Cov-2 infection, and the metabolic pathway activities in the identified macrophage subtypes were influenced by hypoxia status. Importantly, we described ligand-receptor interactions that are related to COVID-19 serverity involving macrophages and T cell subsets by communication analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that macrophages driving ligand-receptor crosstalk contributed to the reduction and exhaustion of CD8+ T cells. The identified crucial cytokine panel, including IL6, IL1ß, IL10, CXCL10, IGF1, and GALECTIN-1, may offer the selective targets to improve the efficacy of COVID-19 therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This is a retrospective observational study without a trial registration number. Video Abstract.

Mechanism exploration of Jinyebaidu particles against COVID-19 based on network pharmacology

Objective: To explore the pharmacological mechanism of Jinyebaidu Particles in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).

Adjuvant role and application prospects of immunonutrition in the comprehensive treatment of COVID-19

The world is in the grip of the COVID-19 caused by SARS-Cov-2 pandemic. Public health measures that can reduce the risk of infection and death in addition to quarantines are desperately needed. Malnutrition and various non-communicable underlying diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, leading to immunodeficiency in patients are important risk factors for severe COVID-19. Special nutrient supplement have pharmacological effect, stimulate the immune cells in a particular way, strengthen the function of immune response, maintain appropriate immune response, adjustment of cytokine production and release, reduce harmful or excessive inflammation, have positive sense to the prognosis of patients with COVID-19. This article reviewed the role of immune nutrients such as vitamins, mineral elements, polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber in reducing the risk of respiratory tract infections, as well as the current application of immunonutrition in COVID-19, in order to provide reliable reference for the adjuvant role of immunonutrition in the comprehensive treatment of COVID-19.